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To protect food quality and safety, antioxidants are often added to processed foods. These antioxidants can be synthetically derived compounds, such as butylated hydroxytoluene and ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid.
Alkaloids are classified according to the amino acid that provides both the nitrogen atom and the fundamental portion of the alkaloid skeleton, and these are discussed in turn.
A tree is a perennial woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or trunk with clear apical dominance.
Ameboid movement is a form of movement especially characteristic of amebas and other unicellular forms; it is also found in many wandering cells of metazoans, such as white blood cells, embryonic mesenchyme, and numerous other mobile cells that move throu
This organism is widespread in the environment, but rare in the flora of healthy individuals. Its carriage increases with hospitalization.
Mutations are heritable changes in the genetic material that give rise to alternative forms of any gene. These alternate forms are called alleles. There are two broad types of mutations, those that affect the gene and those that affect whole chromosomes (
Discoveries in molecular biology have allowed scientists to duplicate natural genetic transfer phenomena in the laboratory and to develop methods to introduce almost any type of genetic information into an organism.
The flower has acquired an unique position in our lives. Floriculture deals with growing or cultivation (large scale) of beautiful flowering plants.
The area of developmental genetics has also received major attention of geneticists in recent years to answer questions like the following. What are the relative roles of nucleus and cytoplasm in differentiation?
In vertebrates, the actual tissue from which gonads arise appears in early development as a pair of genital ridges, growing into the coelom from the dorsal coelomic lining on each side of the hind-gut near the anterior end of the kidney (mesonephros).
Microorganisms isolated from different sources (soil, water and air) or genetic manipulation are cultured on growth media.
Coenzymes are small organic molecules that function with thousands of different enzymes in all organisms, assisting in the catalytic processes needed for life. They often contain vitamins as components.
In botany, a herbarium is a collection of preserved plant specimens. These specimens may be whole plants or plant parts: these will usually be in a dried form, mounted on a sheet, but depending upon the material may also be kept in alcohol or other preser
Microalgae and macroalgae have been utilized by man for hundreds of years as food, fodder, remedies, and fertilizers. Ancient records show that people collected macroalgae for food as long as 500 B.C. in China and one thousand of years later in Europe.
A biome is a major biotic unit bearing a characteristic and easily recognized array of plant life. Botanists long ago recognized that the terrestrial environment of the earth could be divided into large units having a distinctive vegetation, such as fores
Most insects? tough exoskeletons protect their bodies from predators and from drying out. however, some insects?including young insects, such as caterpillars - have soft bodies. they benefit by adding an extra layer of protective armor.
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